Within the studies reviewed by this literature review, infection was demonstrated in the following animal species: Chicken, Ducks, Turkeys, waterfowl (geese), Waterfowl (Mallard Ducks)
Within the studies reviewed by this literature review, antibodies were detected in the following animal species: Chicken, Ducks, Guineafowl, Turkeys, waterfowl (geese)
Cases reported to the World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH, founded as OIE) included the following species: Accipiter brachyurus, Accipiter cooperii, Accipiter gentilis, Accipiter gularis, Accipiter nisus, Accipiter striatus, Accipitridae (incognita), Acridotheres cristatellus, Aechmophorus occidentalis, Aegolius acadicus, Agapornis personatus, Agapornis roseicollis, Agelaius phoeniceus, Aix galericulata, Aix sponsa, Ajaia ajaja, Al indeterminatum fau, Alca torda, Alcidae (incognita), Alectoris rufa, Alle alle, Alopochen aegyptiaca, Amazona farinosa, Amazona ochrocephala, Amazona oratrix, Amazonetta brasiliensis, Anas acuta, Anas americana, Anas bernieri, Anas carolinensis, Anas clypeata, Anas crecca, Anas cyanoptera, Anas discors, Anas falcata, Anas flavirostris, Anas formosa, Anas fulvigula, Anas penelope, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas poecilorhyncha, Anas querquedula, Anas rhynchotis, Anas rubripes, Anas strepera, Anas undulata, Anas versicolor, Anastomus oscitans, Anatidae (incognita), Anser albifrons, Anser anser, Anser brachyrhynchus, Anser caerulescens, Anser cygnoides, Anser erythropus, Anser fabalis, Anser indicus, Anser rossii, Anserinae (unidentified), Anthropoides virgo, Aquila audax, Aquila chrysaetos, Aquila fasciata, Aquila heliaca, Aquila nipalensis, Aquila rapax, Ara ararauna, Ara chloropterus, Ara macao, Ara militaris, Aratinga auricapillus, Arctocephalus australis, Ardea alba, Ardea cinerea, Ardea herodias, Ardea melanocephala, Ardeidae (incognita), Ardenna gravis, Ardenna grisea, Ardenna tenuirostris, Ardeola grayii, Arenaria interpres, Arenaria melanocephala, Asio flammeus, Asio otus, Athene noctua, Aythya affinis, Aythya americana, Aythya baeri, Aythya collaris, Aythya ferina, Aythya fuligula, Aythya marila, Aythya nyroca, Aythya valisineria, Balearica regulorum, Birds, Bonasa umbellus, Bostrychia hagedash, Botaurus stellaris, Branta bernicla, Branta canadensis, Branta hutchinsii, Branta leucopsis, Branta ruficollis, Branta sandvicensis, Brotogeris versicolurus, Bubo africanus, Bubo bubo, Bubo scandiacus, Bubo virginianus, Bubulcus ibis, Bucephala albeola, Bucephala clangula, Bucephala islandica, Buteo buteo, Buteo jamaicensis, Buteo japonicus, Buteo lagopus, Buteo lineatus, Buteo magnirostris, Buteo platypterus, Buteo polyosoma, Buteo regalis, Buteo rufofuscus, Buteo swainsoni, Buteogallus urubitinga, Cacatua ducorpsii, Cairina moschata, Calidris alba, Calidris alpina, Calidris canutus, Calidris fuscicollis, Calidris maritima, Calidris minuta, Calidris pusilla, Callorhinus ursinus, Canis latrans, Caprimulgus fossii, Caracara cheriway, Caracara plancus, Carduelis carduelis, Carduelis chloris, Casuariidae (incognita), Cathartes aura, Cats, Cattle, Centrocercus urophasianus, Cepphus grylle, Charadriidae (incognita), Charadrius alexandrinus, Charadrius dubius, Charadrius hiaticula, Charadrius mongolus, Charadrius nivosus, Chenonetta jubata, Chlidonias hybrida, Chlidonias leucopterus, Chloephaga melanoptera, Chloephaga picta, Chroicocephalus cirrocephalus, Chroicocephalus hartlaubii, Chroicocephalus maculipennis, Chroicocephalus ridibundus, Ciconia boyciana, Ciconia ciconia, Ciconia nigra, Ciconiidae (incognita), Circus aeruginosus, Circus assimilis, Circus cyaneus, Circus pygargus, Clanga pomarina, Colinus virginianus, Columba guinea, Columba livia, Columba palumbus, Columbidae (incognita), Columbina inca, Copsychus saularis, Coragyps atratus, Corvidae (incognita), Corvus albus, Corvus brachyrhynchos, Corvus caurinus, Corvus corax, Corvus cornix, Corvus corone, Corvus frugilegus, Corvus macrorhynchos, Corvus monedula, Corvus ossifragus, Corvus splendens, Coscoroba coscoroba, Coturnix coturnix, Coturnix japonica, Cracidae (incognita), Cyanocitta cristata, Cyanocorax chrysops, Cyanoliseus patagonus, Cygnus (incognita), Cygnus atratus, Cygnus bewickii, Cygnus buccinator, Cygnus columbianus, Cygnus cygnus, Cygnus melancoryphus, Cygnus olor, Dendrocopos major, Dendrocygna bicolor, Dendrocygna eytoni, Dendrocygna viduata, Didelphis virginiana, Diopsittaca nobilis, Dogs, Dromaiidae (incognita), Dromaius novaehollandiae, Egretta caerulea, Egretta garzetta, Egretta intermedia, Egretta thula, Enicognathus ferrugineus, Enicognathus leptorhynchus, Equidae (dom), Estrildidae (incognita), Eudocimus ruber, Falco biarmicus, Falco cherrug, Falco columbarius, Falco mexicanus, Falco peregrinus, Falco rusticolus, Falco sparverius, Falco subbuteo, Falco tinnunculus, Falco vespertinus, Falconidae (incognita), Felis catus, Fratercula arctica, Fregata magnificens, Fregata minor, Fregatidae (incognita), Fringilla coelebs, Fulica americana, Fulica armillata, Fulica atra, Fulmarus glacialis, Fulmarus glacialoides, Galliformes (incognita) (incognita), Gallinago gallinago, Gallinula chloropus, Gallus gallus, Garrulus glandarius, Gavia immer, Gavia pacifica, Gavia stellata, Gelochelidon nilotica, Geranoaetus melanoleucus, Geronticus eremita, Gruidae (incognita), Grus canadensis, Grus grus, Grus japonensis, Grus leucogeranus, Grus monacha, Grus paradisea, Grus vipio, Gymnogyps californianus, Gypaetus barbatus, Gyps africanus, Gyps fulvus, Haematopodidae (incognita), Haematopus ater, Haematopus moquini, Haematopus ostralegus, Haematopus palliatus, Haliaeetus albicilla, Haliaeetus leucocephalus, Haliaeetus pelagicus, Haliaeetus vocifer, Halichoerus grypus, Harpactes erythrocephalus, Hieraaëtus fasciatus, Himantopus himantopus, Hirundinidae (incognita), Hirundo rustica, Hydroprogne caspia, Ichthyaetus melanocephalus, Icteridae (incognita), Junco hyemalis, Lagopus lagopus, Laniidae (incognita), Laridae (incognita), Larosterna inca, Larus argentatus, Larus armenicus, Larus atricilla, Larus belcheri, Larus brachyrhynchus, Larus brunicephalus, Larus cachinnans, Larus californicus, Larus canus, Larus crassirostris, Larus delawarensis, Larus dominicanus, Larus fuscus, Larus genei, Larus glaucescens, Larus glaucoides, Larus hyperboreus, Larus ichthyaetus, Larus marinus, Larus michahellis, Larus novaehollandiae, Larus occidentalis, Larus philadelphia, Larus pipixcan, Larus ridibundus, Larus schistisagus, Larus scopulinus, Larus smithsonianus, Larus thayeri, Leptoptilos javanicus, Leucocarbo atriceps, Leucophaeus modestus, Lonchura striata, Lontra canadensis, Lontra felina, Lontra provocax, Lophodytes cucullatus, Lophura nycthemera, Lutra lutra, Lynx lynx, Lynx rufus, Macronectes giganteus, Macronectes halli, Marmaronetta angustirostris, Martes americana, Martes martes, Martes zibellina, Megascops asio, Megascops choliba, Megascops kennicottii, Melanitta fusca, Melanitta nigra, Melanitta perspicillata, Meleagris gallopavo, Melopsittacus undulatus, Mephitis mephitis, Mergellus albellus, Mergus merganser, Mergus serrator, Mergus squamatus, Microcarbo coronatus, Milvago chimango, Milvus migrans, Milvus milvus, Mirounga leonina, Morus bassanus, Morus capensis, Motacillidae (incognita), Mustela putorius, Mustelidae (dom), Mycteria americana, Nannopterum brasilianum, Nasua nasua, Neovison vison, Netta rufina, Numenius arquata, Numenius phaeopus, Numida meleagris, Numididae (incognita), Nyctereutes procyonoides, Nycticorax nycticorax, Nymphicus hollandicus, Ortalis Vetula, Otaria flavescens, Oxyura jamaicensis, Pachyptila desolata, Pandion haliaetus, Panthera leo, Panthera pardus orientalis, Panthera tigris, Parabuteo unicinctus, Parulidae (incognita), Passer domesticus, Passer montanus, Passeridae (incognita), Pavo cristatus, Pekania pennanti, Pelecanidae (incognita), Pelecanus crispus, Pelecanus erythrorhynchos, Pelecanus occidentalis, Pelecanus onocrotalus, Pelecanus philippensis, Pelecanus rufescens, Pelecanus thagus, Perdix perdix, Phalacrocoracidae (incognita), Phalacrocorax auritus, Phalacrocorax bougainvillii, Phalacrocorax brasilianus, Phalacrocorax capensis, Phalacrocorax carbo, Phalacrocorax gaimardi, Phalacrocorax lucidus, Phalacrocorax magellanicus, Phalacrocorax neglectus, Phalacrocorax punctatus, Phalacrocorax pygmaeus, Phalaropus lobatus, Phasianidae (incognita), Phasianus colchicus, Philomachus pugnax, Phoca vitulina, Phoebastria irrorata, Phoenicopteridae (incognita), Phoenicopterus chilensis, Phoenicopterus minor, Phoenicopterus roseus, Phoenicopterus ruber, Phylloscopus trochilus, Pica hudsonia, Pica pica, Platalea leucorodia, Platalea minor, Plectropterus gambensis, Plegadis chihi, Plegadis falcinellus, Ploceus velatus, Pluvialis dominica, Podiceps auritus, Podiceps cristatus, Podiceps grisegena, Podiceps major, Podiceps nigricollis, Podicipedidae (incognita), Podilymbus podiceps, Procellaria aequinoctialis, Procyon lotor, Psittacidae (incognita), Psittacula derbiana, Psittacula eupatria, Psittacula krameri, Psittacus erithacus, Pterodroma macroptera, Pteroglossus castanotis, Puffinus puffinus, Puma concolor, Pycnonotus jocosus, Pycnonotus sinensis, Pygochelidon cyanoleuca, Pyrrhula pyrrhula, Quiscalus mexicanus, Quiscalus quiscula, Rallidae (incognita), Rallus aquaticus, Ramphastos cuvieri, Recurvirostra avosetta, Rhea americana, Rheidae (incognita), Rissa tridactyla, Rynchops niger, Sagittarius serpentarius, Sarcoramphus papa, Scolopacidae (incognita), Scolopax rusticola, Serinus canaria, Sheep/goats (mixed herd), Somateria mollissima, Spatula cyanoptera, Spatula puna, Spatula querquedula, Spheniscidae (incognita), Spheniscus demersus, Spheniscus humboldti, Spilornis cheela, Spizaetus nipalensis, Stercorarius antarcticus, Stercorarius chilensis, Stercorarius parasiticus, Stercorarius skua, Sterna dougallii, Sterna forsteri, Sterna hirundinacea, Sterna hirundo, Sterna paradisaea, Sternula albifrons, Streptopelia decaocto, Streptopelia senegalensis, Streptopelia turtur, Strigidae (incognita), Strigiformes (incognita) (incognita), Strix aluco, Strix nebulosa, Strix uralensis, Strix varia, Struthio camelus, Struthionidae (incognita), Sturnus vulgaris, Sula capensis, Sula leucogaster, Sula nebouxii, Sula sula, Sula variegata, Sulidae (incognita), Swine, Syrmaticus reevesii, Tachybaptus ruficollis, Tachycineta bicolor, Tachyeres pteneres, Tadorna ferruginea, Tadorna tadorna, Taeniopygia guttata, Thalassarche melanophris, Thalasseus acuflavidus, Thalasseus bergii, Thalasseus elegans, Thalasseus maximus, Thalasseus sandvicensis, Threskiornis aethiopicus, Threskiornis melanocephalus, Threskiornithidae (incognita), Tringa flavipes, Tringa glareola, Tringa melanoleuca, Tringa ochropus, Tringa semipalmata, Tringa totanus, Turdus grayi, Turdus iliacus, Turdus merula, Turdus migratorius, Turdus pallidus, Turdus philomelos, Turdus pilaris, Tursiops truncatus (fau), Tyto alba, Tyto longimembris, Uria aalge, Uria lomvia, Urile penicillatus, Ursus americanus, Ursus arctos, Vanellus chilensis, Vanellus spinosus, Vanellus vanellus, Vulpes lagopus, Vulpes vulpes, Vultur gryphus, Xema sabini, Zosterops japonicus
The table below lists all references which reported clinical signs or severity. You can sort columns (for instance by species)
In the left panel you can find information about the entire systematic literature review. The specific references for this agent, and used in this section of the disease profiles are listed below.